Leopard Gecko Care sheet

 

Leopard Gecko Care Sheet

Scientific Name: Eublepharis macularius
Common Names: Leopard Gecko
Origin: Native to the deserts of Afghanistan, Pakistan, India, and parts of Iran
Average Size: 7-10 inches (18-25 cm)
Lifespan: 10-20 years in captivity

Overview

Leopard geckos are one of the most popular and hardy species of geckos kept as pets. Known for their docile nature, easy care, and attractive appearance, these nocturnal reptiles make excellent pets for both beginners and experienced reptile keepers. They are terrestrial, meaning they spend most of their time on the ground, and are relatively low-maintenance compared to other reptiles.

Housing Requirements

Enclosure Size

  • Young Leopard Geckos (up to 4 inches): Minimum 10-gallon tank
  • Adult Leopard Geckos (4+ inches): Minimum 20-gallon tank, but 30-gallon tanks or larger are ideal for adults.

Leopard geckos don’t require excessively large enclosures, but they do benefit from a spacious setup where they can explore, hide, and exercise. A glass aquarium or a reptile-specific terrarium works well for most setups.

Enclosure Setup

  • Substrate: Use safe, non-abrasive substrates such as reptile carpet, paper towels, sand or sand/peat moss mixture.
  • Hides: Provide at least three hides (one on the warm side, one on the cool side, and one moist hide) to allow your gecko to feel secure and comfortable.
  • Climbing: Although they are terrestrial, leopard geckos enjoy occasional climbing. Rocks or low branches can be added for enrichment.
  • Water: Provide a shallow water dish at all times for drinking and occasional soaking.

Temperature & Humidity

  • Temperature Gradient:
    • Hot side: 88-92°F (31-33°C)
    • Cool side: 75-80°F (24-27°C)
  • Basking Spot: Leopard geckos need a basking area with temperatures between 90-95°F (32-35°C).
  • Nighttime Temperature: Leopard geckos can tolerate cooler temperatures at night (around 65-70°F / 18-21°C).
  • Humidity: Keep the humidity levels around 30-40% for most of the enclosure. Provide a higher humidity (50-60%) in the moist hide to aid in shedding.

Proper temperature gradients are crucial for digestion and overall health. Use a thermostat and thermometer to ensure accuracy.

Feeding

-Diet: Leopard geckos are insectivores, meaning their diet consists primarily of live insects. Common food items include:

    • Crickets
    • Mealworms
    • Dubia roaches
    • Waxworms (as an occasional treat)

Superworms (used sparingly due to high fat content)

 

-Feeding Frequency:

      • Juvenile Geckos: Feed every 1-2 days.
      • Adult Geckos: Feed every 2-3 days.

-Prey Size: Offer prey that is appropriately sized for the gecko—no larger than the width of its head. Overfeeding or offering too large of prey can cause obesity or digestive issues.

-Supplements: Dust feeder insects with calcium powder 3-4 times a week and with a multivitamin supplement once a week. This will help prevent nutritional deficiencies, particularly in young geckos.

-Water: Always provide a shallow water dish and ensure your gecko has access to fresh water at all times.

Shedding

  • Shedding Process: Leopard geckos shed their skin regularly, typically once every 4-6 weeks, depending on age and growth rate.
  • Signs of Shedding: The gecko’s skin may appear dull or cloudy, and they may become less active. You may also notice them rubbing their face and body against surfaces to assist in shedding.
  • Humidity for Shedding: Provide a moist hide with damp paper towels or sphagnum moss to help your gecko shed more easily.
  • Retained Skin: If the gecko has trouble shedding or retains skin, especially around the toes or tail, increase humidity or consult a vet for assistance.

Handling

  • Temperament: Leopard geckos are known for their calm and gentle temperament. They are usually tolerant of regular handling, especially if they are handled from a young age. However, they are nocturnal, so avoid handling during the day when they are sleeping.
  • Handling Frequency: Handle your gecko regularly, but avoid excessive handling, especially during shedding or feeding times. Start with short sessions and gradually increase handling as your gecko becomes more accustomed to it.
  • Safety: Always support the entire body of the gecko, especially its tail, to prevent injury. Avoid grabbing or handling it too roughly.

Health & Veterinary Care

  • Common Health Issues:
    • Impaction (from ingesting substrate or large prey)
    • Metabolic Bone Disease (due to lack of calcium or UVB exposure)
    • Parasites (internal and external)

Respiratory infections (often caused by improper humidity or temperature)

  • Routine Checkups: Schedule annual checkups with a reptile-savvy veterinarian to ensure your gecko remains healthy. They can perform fecal exams and check for parasites.
  • Signs of Illness: Lethargy, refusal to eat, labored breathing, or unusual feces can be signs of health problems. If your gecko exhibits any of these symptoms, seek veterinary attention.
  • Signs of Stress: Stress can manifest as loss of appetite, hiding more than usual, or excessive movement. Stress may be caused by incorrect environmental conditions, over-handling, or a lack of appropriate hiding places.

Breeding Information

  • Sexing: Male leopard geckos are generally larger than females and have a more prominent hemipenal bulge at the base of the tail. Females tend to have a broader body shape.
  • Breeding Season: Breeding typically occurs in the winter or early spring. A temperature drop (around 75-80°F) can help trigger breeding behavior.
  • Egg-Laying: Female leopard geckos lay 2-3 eggs per clutch. The eggs should be incubated at around 80-85°F (27-29°C) with a humidity level of 80%. The incubation period is typically 60-90 days.

Conclusion

Leopard geckos are fantastic pets for reptile enthusiasts of all levels. Their easy care, docile nature, and unique appearance make them one of the most popular geckos to keep. With the right habitat, a balanced diet, and regular care, a leopard gecko can live for many years and be a delightful companion.

Note: Before getting a leopard gecko, make sure you're prepared for the commitment of caring for a reptile. Thoroughly research their care requirements to ensure you provide a suitable environment, proper nutrition, and regular health checks.